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INI CET 2021 May
True about Cemento- osseous dysplasia are all, except:
Cemento-osseous dysplasia:
• Periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD) is a very rare benign lesion arising from a group of disorders which are known to originate from undifferentiated cells of the periodontal ligament tissue.
• According to the classification system introduced by the 1992 Revised World Health Organization (WHO) Guidelines, Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia is categorized as a form of neoplasm or other bone-related lesion; it can be sub-divided into periapical cemental dysplasia (PCD), also known as periapical fibrous dysplasia, florid COD (also known as gigantiform cementoma or familial multiple cementoma) and other types of COD.
• Periapical COD occurs more frequently in women of black race, and above 40 years of age.
• The lesions may be single or multiple, asymptomatic and do not involve alterations to the periodontal tissue.
• The prevalent lesion site is the anterior region of the mandible, in the vicinity of the root apex of the mandibular incisors and canines, and the teeth involved remain vital.
• Typically, the lesion develops through three phases: osteolytic; cementoblastic; and mature.
• Radiologically, the appearance of the lesion thus depends on the moment of observation.
• In the first or osteolytic phase, a circular radiolucent lesion is visible at the apex of the root; in the second or cementoblastic stage, cementoblastic activity increases and, consequently, spicules of cement begin to form, so that the radiolucent lesion assumes a mixed appearance.
• The final or mature stage gives rise to a completely radiopaque lesion.
• The lesion becomes a calcified mass that can reach 10 cm in diameter, and is often surrounded by a radiolucent halo.
Key Concept:
Cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD) is a benign condition of the jaws that may arise from the fibroblasts of the periodontal ligaments. It is most common in African-American females.
• The three types are periapical cemental dysplasia (common in those of African descent), focal cemento-osseous dysplasia (Caucasians), and florid cemento-osseous dysplasia (African descent).
• Periapical occurs most commonly in the mandibular anterior teeth while focal appears predominantly in the mandibular posterior teeth and florid in both maxilla and mandible in multiple quadrants.